Which factor contributes to increased flooding risks due to stormwater pollution?

Urbanization and the presence of impervious surfaces play a significant role in increasing flooding risks due to stormwater pollution. When areas are developed for urban use, natural landscapes are altered, and surfaces such as concrete and asphalt are introduced. These impervious surfaces do not allow water to infiltrate into the ground, leading to increased runoff during rainfall events.

This heightened runoff can overwhelm drainage systems, causing water to accumulate and contribute to flooding. Additionally, as the volume and speed of stormwater runoff increase, pollutants such as oil, heavy metals, and debris are carried directly into water bodies, exacerbating water quality issues. Thus, the combination of urban development and impermeable infrastructure fundamentally disrupts natural water flow patterns, intensifying the risks and impacts associated with flooding and stormwater pollution.