What is the purpose of the NPDES Phase II regulations?

The correct answer centers on the primary objective of the NPDES Phase II regulations, which aim to manage and control stormwater discharges from small municipal separate storm sewer systems (MS4s). This is crucial because stormwater runoff can carry pollutants directly into water bodies, adversely affecting water quality and aquatic ecosystems. By implementing these regulations, the focus is on reducing pollution from urban areas where the infrastructure may not be designed to handle large amounts of stormwater effectively.

The Phase II regulations specifically target smaller municipalities that may not have been included under previous NPDES permits. This includes establishing a framework for these municipalities to develop and implement Stormwater Management Programs (SWMPs) that address water quality concerns and ensure compliance with clean water standards.

This targeted approach is essential given that many urban areas face challenges related to increased impermeable surfaces and insufficient stormwater management, which can lead to flooding and water quality deterioration. Therefore, B accurately reflects the essence and purpose of the NPDES Phase II regulations in promoting effective stormwater management practices.